Formation of The Old Frees' Association

The Old Frees' Association was founded on this day, 102 years ago. On 17th April 1923, the inaugural general meeting was held at the Penang Chinese Town Hall on Pitt Street, where prominent local lawyer Yeoh Guan Seok was elected as the Association’s first President.

Serving alongside him on that first committee were Khoo Sian Ewe and MHM Noordin as Vice-Presidents, Khoo Heng Kok as Secretary, Tan Kiar-Lew as Assistant Secretary, Dr Ong Huck Chye as Treasurer, Ooi Thean Soo as Auditor, and E Mahomed Hashim as Sports Captain. The other elected committee members were Harold Cheeseman, Husein Hasanally Abdoolcader, Quah Beng Kee, Lim Keong Lay, Ong Boon Swee, Samsudin, Dr Lim Guan Cheng, and Dr A.O. Merican.

Recently uncovered from the collection of a prominent Old Free in Penang was an incomplete copy of the Penang Free School Magazine (Vol. VII No. 3), published in April 1923. Only the first eight pages have survived, but among them was a valuable account of a preliminary meeting held on 20th February 1923 to discuss the formation of an Old Boys’ society.

As recorded in Centenary—the commemorative publication released in 2023 to mark the Association’s 100th anniversary—the Straits Echo (mail edition) reported on 27th February 1923 that “about a hundred Old Free School boys attended the meeting.” The school magazine version of the report, reproduced from the Pinang Gazette and Straits Chronicle dated 22nd February 1923, was nearly identical in content, with only minor corrections to names and spellings. Here is the School Magazine version:

Old Boys' Association to be Formed

The question of forming an Association of Old Boys of the Penang Free School was fully discussed at a largely attended meeting held in the Chinese Town Hall, on 20th February, 1923. 

Amongst those present were the Hon Mr Yeoh Guan Seok, (in the chair), Messrs Quah Beng Kee OBE, J Gawthorne, Ooi Thean Soo, Gopal Das, S Manicram, Dr Lim Guan Cheng, Dr Merican, RH Pinhorn, HR Cheeseman, DR Swaine, HH Abdoolcader, Khoo Heng Kok, MA Bakar, Tan Kiar Lew, Quah Beng Hoe, Hamid Khan, MHM Noordin, SMO Merican, Chee Kok Fee, Ho Hup, Khoo Thay Jin, Khoo Sian Ewe, Lim Keong Lay and Md Eusoff.

The Hon Mr Yeoh Guan Seok said that as they all knew why they were there it was needless for him to detain them long to explain the reason for the meeting. It had been agreed that an Old Frees’ Association should be formed. It had recently been stated that all the English public schools had “Old Boys’” societies, which did excellent work in fostering the traditions of their schools, maintaining touch between the old boys and the teaching and governing bodies and enabling their members to render one another mutual help and assistance. But it was not necessary to go so far afield to find an example, The Anglo-Chinese School Union had been in existence in Penang for some time and had thoroughly justified its existence.

Many of Penang’s most distinguished citizens are “Old Frees”: the school enjoyed a fine reputation far outside this Settlement; and any ex-pupil ought to be proud and happy to belong to an association which would enable him to keep up his connection with the comrades of his youth and the place where he received his education. On the more material side, also, such a link was badly needed and should prove of real value. He also pointed out that there were many of Penang’s distinguished citizens, who were Old Frees in Ipoh and he had received the following telegram from an Old Boy in Ipoh. “Best wishes for success Old Frees’ Association.” Mr Tan Kean Lew had also received a letter from a distinguished Old Free from Sungei Patani in which he stated he hoped for and looked forward to the success of the meeting. As they had all agreed that an association should be formed the next thing to be done was to propose certain resolutions.

Mr Yeoh Guan Seok then proposed the following resolutions:-

1. That an Association be formed of all Old Frees and Masters of over 5 years’ service;

2. That all persons present at this meeting shall be original members of the Association;

3. That the name of the Association shall be Old Frees’ Association;

4. That membership of the Association be confined to Old Frees and Masters of 5 years’ standing;

5. That Mr Khoo Heng Kok be appointed Hon Secretary (pro-tem) of the Association; and that Messrs Khoo Heng Kok, HR Cheeseman, and Tan Kiar Lew be appointed a provisional committee to draft rules for the Association;

6. That such draft rules be submitted to an adjournment of this meeting;

7. That the officers of the Association be elected at the adjourned meeting;

8. And that this meeting do now adjourn to a date to be announced later in the newspapers.

Mr Quah Beng Kee said that after what the Hon Mr Yeoh Guan Seok had said in favour of the formation of the association he had not think it was necessary for him to take up any more of their precious time. He hoped they would support the resolutions put before them which he had much pleasure in seconding.

After these resolutions had been carried, the Chairman added, the meeting would be adjourned to a later date when the provisional Committee would submit draft rules. After the passing of these rules the officers would be appointed to put the association on a legal basis.

The meeting terminated with a vote of thanks to the chair.

 

On the edge of Church Square

1821 to 1897

 

Cheeseman's letter

The establishment of The Old Frees' Association exactly 100 years ago was the result of this letter which Harold Cheeseman wrote in the Penang Free School Magazine of October 1922. It set in motion a series of meetings by the Old Boys which led to The Old Frees' Association a few months later.

(TO THE EDITOR, THE PENANG FREE SCHOOL MAGAZINE)

SIR,

October 21st. of this year has passed away almost unnoticed. Nothing took place on the anniversary of the foundation of the Penang Free School to suggest that it was a day of any particular importance to those who can claim the honour of being past or present boys of the school.

No one who has any acquaintance at all with the real facts of the case will be so foolish as to suppose that this omission indicates any lack of affection for or interest in the school. Past and present boys alike glory in its traditions, in its ancient foundation (for with the youthful institutions around us may not one hundred and six years be regarded as ancient?), in its splendid and stirring record. We have but to cast our minds back to the celebrations at the school centenary in 1916 and to recollect the scenes of devotion and enthusiasm that
were then witnessed to realise that there is a

strong feeling of loyalty and affection. We must not conclude from the absence of an Old Boys’ celebration that there is any lack of interest on the part of old boys, any more than we should conclude that present boys lack loyalty from the absence of any effort to organise a school celebration on the part of the Head Boy and his fellow prefects or on the part of the School Cricket and the School Football Captains (to whom it did not occur to arrange matches with Old Frees). The real reason for all this apparent apathy is to be found in the non-existence of an Old Frees Association. Such an association should undoubtedly be formed. There is not merely interest in its formation; there is keen desire that it should be started. But no progress is made because there is no one to take the initiative. I had the honour of serving on the Centenary Celebration Committee and the reason why that Committee did not proceed to the formation of an Association was because all the schemes put forward were grandiose and impossible. There were plans for a club house, for the acquisition of property. If I may venture the opinion, I would suggest that it would be most unwise to embark on any such hazardous undertaking. There are many excellent clubs in the town; it would be a mistake to start what could not but be a rival club. My suggestion is that a modest commencement should be made with an Association that would, for instance, have a register of members, keep old boys in touch with each other and with the school, and ensure a re-union at least once a year. This magazine might form an excellent medium for keeping members in touch with each other and with the School. Every member could receive a copy of the magazine and doubtless arrangements could be made by which the Association could be granted space in it so that the magazine would be its official organ and would also supply news of Old Frees, their whereabouts and doings. The Association would presumably arrange occasional matches, debates, etc., with the school (incidentally it is perhaps surprising that the Debating Society has never yet

arranged a debate with Old Frees
participating). The subscription would not need to be large, just sufficient to cover the cost of the magazine, the cost of keeping the register, and the usual incidental expenses. The reunions when held would be paid for by the subscriptions of those attending. From such modest beginnings as these we might venture later to more ambitious developments.

It is possible that there may be some initial expenses in connection with the formation of such an association, but it is well known that there are funds ample for this purpose with the Hon. Secretary and Treasurer of the Centenary Celebration Committee. That is money lying idle that might well be profitably employed. We have the interest, we have a scheme, we have money. All we require is somebody to take the initiative. Who is to make the move? I suggest that the proper body to make that move is the Centenary Celebration Committee. I would urge that members of this Committee should request the Honorary Secretary to call a Committee meeting to consider whether these funds may not be diverted to this purpose and also to consider whether the time is not ripe for requesting the Headmaster of the Penang Free School to call by advertisements in the local papers) a meeting of old boys to discuss the practicability of forming an Old Frees Association.

I make no apology for writing to the school magazine on this subject. I feel sure it will arouse deep interest among all your readers, not only among old boys but also among present boys particularly those boys who in a few short weeks will be leaving school.

Yours truly,
H.R. CHEESEMAN
Penang,
30th October, 1922.

An excerpt from History of Penang

In 1903, the Straits Echo ran an interesting series on History of Penang over several months. This extract from the copy of 16th November will be of interest to historians and possibly anyone who had studied in Penang Free School.

During the establishment of the Presidency in 1805 there arrived in Penang a schoolmaster named Thomas Callum, whose duties apparently appertained to teaching the children of the European and Government officials, while the general public was not provided with educational facilities.

The Rev. R.S. Hutchins, one of the first Chaplains of the Presidency, appears to have been much impressed with the state of affairs with reference to the non-education of native children, and on his representations to Government an influential committee was appointed to convene a public meeting to discuss the advisability of opening a school for the education of native children.

A meeting was duly held on the 10th of January, 1816, and on the 0th of the following month the following resolution was published in the form of an "Address to the Public," setting forth the advantages of education, and at the same time soliciting subscriptions for the founding of an educational establishment.

The public responded with $9,937 that year; the Government added $1,500 in the year following to $300 subscribed by the public; and Government gave an annual grant of $2,400.

The school was first opened on October 21st 1816 - the anniversary of Capt. Light's death - in a rented house in Church Street. It was called the Free School, as it was intended for the reception of all classes of children.

The fees, which went to the Funds, were finally fixed at three rates, i.e., $3, $2 and $1 per mensem, and hildren whose parents were poor and could not afford to pay were exempted from payment, but all children had to be nominated before they were admitted to the school.

The salary of Mr. Cox, who had charge of the establishment and who came over from Madras, was fixed at $80 per mensem.

Malays, Chulias, and Hindoos who did not desire that their children should learn English could have them instructed in their own language.

A Girls' School was started the following year, but was afterwards discontinued, owing to lack of support, and was suspended until such time as sufficient funds were available for establishing a female Orphan Institution for boarding and educating at least 20 girls, instead of a day school used by only a few girl pupils.

At the first annual general meeting, held in October 1817, it was announced that the Government, now under Colonel Bannerman, had granted to the School a piece of land adjoining the new Church (St. George's). Lieutenant Smith, of the Royal Engineers, drew a plan for a suitable building to accommodate 100 boys and 50 girls, but for economical reasons he was compelled to refrain from adding any architectural ornamentation to the central block of the present school houses, which were built by a Chinaman, whose tender for $6,500 was accepted in December 1819; the School houses, however, eventually cost $7,208.

Philip Mountbatten (1921-2021)

Today marks the death of Philip Mountbatten, Duke of Edinburgh, Consort to Queen Elizabeth II, in London two months short of his 100th birthday. Prince Philip was born on the Greek island of Corfu on 10 June 1921, the only son of Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark and Princess Alice of Battenberg. As a member of the House of Glücksburg and the ruling house of Denmark, he was a prince of both Greece and Denmark by virtue of his patrilineal descent from George I of Greece and Christian IX of Denmark. From birth, he was in the line of succession to both thrones.

Some people may remember the visit of Elizabeth and Philip to Penang in 1972. They arrived at Swettenham Pier on 8th March and were whisked away to visit the Supreme Court building and the newly constructed Dewan Sri Pinang. During their brief 11-hour stay in Penang, the royal couple were also taken to Penang Hill, Batu Ferringhi and the Botanic Gardens. 

What is lesser known is that on 31st October 1956, Philip had made a rare, even shorter hours-long visit to Penang as part of his tour of the Commonwealth countries in the Far East, including Australia and New Zealand. He was supposed to visit Singapore but that part of his itinerary was cancelled following some riots there earlier. However, his visit to Malaya proceeded as scheduled. 

In the Penang Free School Magazine of 1957, it was written that a motorcade bringing Philip, Sir Donald MacGillivray (the British High Commissioner) and RP Bingham (the Resident Commissioner) had driven into the school grounds on that day. After the Headmaster, JE Tod, had greeted them, the visitors proceeded to the school field where Philip planted a casuarina sapling near the flagstaff. He then walked up to the assembled masters and had a brief chat with them. As he was leaving the school field, the School Captain led the School in three rousing cheers. 

The school magazine added: "Turning back, the Duke waved and then noticed some English ladies and gentlemen who were standing near the parapet of the first floor of the school building. Thereupon, the Prince smiled at them and upon his waving his hand again, a lady fell off her chair." 

Unfortunately, this sapling did not survive for long and there is no longer any trace of it on the school field. 

(Source: The Straits Times, 1st November 1956)

(Sources: Let the Aisles Proclaim and Penang Free School Archives)

(Source: David Hwang Hong Shi)

(Source: David Hwang Hong Shi)

(Source: David Hwang Hong Shi)

Annual report of the School Committee, 1817

(This account of the Report of the Prince of Wales' Island Free School Committee to the Subscribers first appeared in Marcus Langdon's book, Penang the Fourth Presidency of India 1804-1830, Volume 2, Marcus Langdon is a noted historian, writer and publisher. Currently, he resides in Penang.)

PUBLIC SCHOOL, WEDNESDAY, 22nd OCTOBER 1817.

Report of the School Committee.

1. The Committee, to whose hands the confidence of the Government had delegated on behalf of the Public, the interesting and important trust of introducing and carrying into practical effect at this Presidency, the Institution of a Public Free School, on principles similar to those upon which the invaluable blessing of Elocution has been dispersed to our fellow subjects in other parts of India; judging the period to have arrived, at which, the progress and actual state of the Institution make it proper that the Committee should submit a Report of its past proceedings & should resort to the wisdom and judgement of the Public for the future management of the School – has the honour to lay before the Meeting now assembled the following statement in the preparation of which it has been judged the most eligible course, in order to afford the fullest information to the Subscribers at large to exhibit a succinct review of all that has been done toward the Establishment of the Institution, from the period that its introduction was first proposed at this Presidency.

2. To the pastoral and benevolent views of our respectable Chaplain Mr. Hutchings we owe, under the countenance and fostering Patronage of a liberal and enlightened Government, the immediate origin of this Institution; which, munificently endowed as this has been, and zealously supported by the Settlement at large, will remain a proud and imperishable memorial of the beneficent spirit by which the British Character is so eminently distinguished, and its influence marked in every quarter of the Globe; a memorial which, fixed as we may justly hope this will be, in the hearts of the rude and unlettered nations amidst whom we dwell, will prove more lasting than any monument of marble or of brass.

3. The Reverend Chaplain having submitted to the Government his suggestion for founding a Public School, and the Government with its wonted beneficence having cordially concurred in the object, this Committee was nominated to consider and report upon the Plan.

4. The Committee accordingly met, and after a most careful examination of Mr. Hutchings' plan in all its details, submitted its fullest and most unqualified approbation of it, and warmly recommended its adoption.

5. The Committee begs leave to refer to its Report dated the 10th January 1816 in which its opinion of the General Plan, of the details for giving its effect, and the estimated expences calculated to attend it, were fully exhibited.

6. The Government having expressed its entire approval of the Plan, and signified its intention of affording on behalf of the Honorable Company their liberal support towards giving it effect, the public Address of the 9th February 1816, was submitted to the Community at large, which it is almost superfluous to state, was immediately answered by that prompt, generous, and spirited liberality which never fails to animate a Briton's bosom when his Charity is invoked in behalf of his fellow creatures, or an object for the exercise of philanthropy presented to his view.

7. The first Report of the Private Subscriptions for the Institution of the School, stated the amount that had been subscribed within the first month, at Spanish Dollars 5601; and it is most satisfactory to the Committee to have it now in its power to state, that many additional contributions have since been made, and that the Funds in the Treasurer's hands amounted on the 30th April last, to the sum of Spanish Dollars 11,936. Pice 02.

8. A reference to the Committee's Report of the 10th January 1816, and to Mr. Hutchings' original Plan, will shew, that it was considered one of the main objects of this Institution to receive as Boarders, and to place on the foundation of the School, Orphans and poor Children, who were to be educated, fed, and clothed; and the Estimates framed by the Committee accordingly proceeded upon these views.

9. It was also intended, to Educate in their own national languages, a certain number of Day Scholars, the Children of Malay, Chinese, Hindoo, and Chuliah Parents, for whom Native Teachers were to be provided.

10. Neither of these objects have yet been attained, nor indeed put in progress; the Committee having found it most advisable to limit its first measures to the Introduction of a system of Education in the English Language, and to hold out to the Community the encouragement to submit their Children to a systematic course of Instruction, which a Day School so readily afforded.

11. A further objection to the immediate institution of a Boarding School, arose out of the difficulty of procuring at the time, a suitable Building, as well as the delay that long intervened, before a proper Master and Mistress could be procured.

12. But as the provision for Boarding both Boys and Girls forms a main and leading principle in the prospectus on which the Institution has been founded, and that to dispense the blessings and comfort of food, raiment, and education to Orphan Children left destitute, or those whose Parents & Friends cannot maintain them; the Committee very earnestly recommends that this benevolent purpose be kept readily in view, and that at the earliest period which will admit, it may be practically introduced, together with that of furnishing Tuition in the Native Languages.

13. The delay and difficulty above stated in procuring a proper Master prevented the opening of the Free School at an earlier date than the month of October last year, on the 21st of which the Committee met for the purpose of admitting Scholars, and did on the date accordingly receive and admit 25 Boys.

14. The Girls' school was not opened in consequence of the School-Mistress not having arrived until the 1st July last.

15. The Committee has the gratification to report that there are now on the School Register at this date:-
Boys............................ 49
Girls............................. 11
Of which number there are, for whose Tuition Payment is made:-
Boys............................ 13
Girls............................   7

16. The rate of payment to such as can afford it, is One Dollar per month.

17. The Committee was induced by the respectable testimonies to his Character which he brought with him, to engage the present Master, Mr. W, Cox, at a Salary of Spanish Dollars per month Eighty; and subsequently to confide the charge of the Girls' School, to his wife, Mrs. Cox, at a Salary of Spanish Dollars Fifty.

18. The Committee further considered it equitable to defray the expences of Mrs. Cox's Passage from Madras, and accordingly paid the same.

19. The accommodation contained in the Premises in which the Meeting is now assembled, induced the Committee to engage the same for the School, at the monthly rent of Spanish Dollars 50 on a lease of 12 months from the first of May last.

20. It is in this place proper to bring under the special notice to the Subscribers, the additional mark of the liberality and favour of the Government, which in the same spirit of benevolence that prompted its splendid donation towards the foundation, and its liberal Monthly Subscription towards the maintenance of the Institution, has recently conferred upon the School, the free Grant of a very eligible and conveniently situated piece of Ground near the Church.

21. It is the pleasing office of the Committee to record its own sense, and it ventures with confidence to anticipate the concurring sentiment of the Community of the deep obligation the Public owe, for such wise, beneficent, and liberal Patronage on the part of their respected Rulers.

22. The Committee desires to present the letter from the Secretary to Government announcing this Grant, and as it appeared to the Committee to be proper to defer replying to the Communication, until the same should be submitted to a Meeting of the Subscribers at large; the Committee would now suggest the propriety of its being authorized by the Meeting before finally relinquishing its trust, to acknowledge this letter from Government, and to state in whose names, as Trustees, the Subscribers would recommend that the Grant should be made out.

23. In reference to the same object, the Committee has the honour to acquaint the Subscribers that, pursuant to a resolution recorded on its proceedings of the 11th instant, an application has been addressed to Lieutenant Smith, the Superintending Engineer, soliciting in the name of the Committee, the favour of his framing a Plan for a suitable Building as a School House, calculated to accommodate not less than one hundred Boys, and fifty Girls; and accompanying the same with Estimates of the probable Expense that will attend its erection.

24. The Committee would suggest, that when the Plan shall be received from the Engineer, no time should be lost in deciding upon the erection of the School.

25. The Meeting will naturally participate in the regret felt by the Committee, at having been deprived, by the impaired state of his health which rendered a change of climate necessary, so early after the Institution of the School, of the aid of the Reverend Gentleman to whom its origin was so largely owing, and to whose experience, judgment, and active personal superintendence, the Public hopes were necessarily turned for its success. The Committee has been deeply sensible of the disadvantage under which it has laboured from having been thus unavoidably deprived of Mr. Hutchings' assistance; and therefore relies with confidence, that the Subscribers at large, justly appreciating these disadvantages, will make liberal allowances for any deficiencies they may perceive in the management or actual condition of the School.

26. Although thus left to introduce unaided and to establish a new Institution which, like all new Schemes, requires experience and practical knowledge to direct with success, the Committee indulges a hope that on reference to its recorded Proceedings, the Public will be satisfied that it has not been inattentive to the high trust confided to its charge; but that in their directive and individual capacities, the several members have applied their best and earnest endeavours to promote the advancement and prosperity of the School, and to introduce and establish order, method, regularity, & proper discipline.

27. The Committee is desirous of drawing to the notice of the Subscribers to the Proceedings recorded on the 30th April, 19th June, 15th August, and 11th October, with the several memorandums of the individual Members of the Committee, as these records afford the most full and complete view of the Acts of the Committee, and of the state of the School, whilst they also detail the system of Tuition it has been the endeavours of the Committee to bring into practical operation.

28. The printed regulation for the management of the School, a copy of which will be furnished to each of the Subscribers, are those, which the Reverend Mr. Hutchings prepared and submitted to Government, and which having been approved, were passed and adopted for the management of the Institution from its first commencement.

29. The Subscribers will perceive that conformably with the Provisions thereof, exclusive of the President and Vice Presidents, "Nine Gentlemen, Resident on the Island, are to be constituted Directors of the School" for the purposes fully set forth in the 3rd, 4th and following Rules; and the Committee, in proposing with the sanction of Government now to relinquish its present trust, takes the liberty of respectfully submitting to the Meeting the propriety of immediately electing nine new Directors, with a Secretary; and the Committee feels that in giving up its charge it cannot perform a more important duty nor render a greater service, than by endeavouring to press upon the minds of the Gentlemen who may take upon themselves the office of Directors, the conviction so deeply impressed upon every individual of the present Committee, that upon the zealous, earnest, and efficient discharge of the duties prescribed by the Regulations, must depend the due management and good order of the School; and the Committee entreats the friends of the Institution to whom this report is addressed, to be persuaded, that to the personal vigilance, punctual and active superintendence of the monthly Visiting Directors, the progress of the prescribed system of Education must be prospectively referable.

30. The Committee has furnished the Master, Mr. Cox, with a valuable Treatise, amply detailing the whole course of Dr Bell's admired System, and on reference to the Proceedings of the 11th Inst, it will be seen, that no pains have been spared to awaken in Mr. Cox a lively interest in the important charge entrusted to him.

31. On the same Proceedings the Committee has recorded the opinion it entertains, that great benefit could not fail to result from the Ladies of the Settlement bestowing their countenance upon the Institution and taking upon themselves the superintendence of the Female Branch of it an arrangement which, sanctioned be the example of a similar practice at the other Indian Presidencies, the Committee wishes respectfully to recommend to the Ladies of this Settlement.

32. Appended to this Report is a Return, exhibiting the various Articles of School Furniture, the School Books, Stationary, &c. which have been provided, as the same remain on this date.

33. The Committee has submitted an application to Government, that the indulgence of obtaining the Stationary required for the use of the School, may, in order to diminish expence now incurred for that Article, be granted on paying for the same at the Invoice cost.

34. The last statement with which the Committee proposes to conclude its reports is the state of the School Funds; and it is most gratifying to the Committee to have it in its power to exhibit so favourable and flattering a view of these. By the last Account Current of Messrs. Carnegy and Co. the Treasurers, the Balance on the 30th April at the Credit of the Institution, was Spanish Dollars 11,935, Pice 02.

35. By an open account foom the Treasurer, dated yesterday, it appears, that the Balance on this date may be stated at Dollars 12,336.

36. Messrs. Carnegy and Co. have intimated by letter, that they cannot continue the same rate of interest hitherto allowed for the current year.

37. It is also satisfactory to the Committee to have to report, that the current Expences of the School are kept considerably within the current Monthly Receipts (not including the interest on the Funds) as the subjoined sketch exhibits.
Monthly Receipts.
The Government Subscription.................................200
Payment received from 13 Boys & 7 Girls..................20
Rent for the Press-room.............................................10
                                                                                            230

Current Monthly Expences
Rent of the School.....................................................50
Salary of Master and Mistress.................................130
Fixed Expences........................................................180
Balance to meet Contingent charges and saving
(besides the interest accruing on the Funds)...........50

38. This Committee is not aware that it has any further observations with which to trouble the Meeting, and therefore proposes, so soon as it shall have obtained the sanction of the Government, to dissolve, and accordingly recommends the nomination of the new Directors.

(Signed.) R. lbbetson, J.M. Coombs, J. Maclnnes, D. Brown, J. Carnegy, R Caunter.

Hutchings' annual dedication

First dedication ceremony on 21 Oct 1948

This year will be remembered as the 70th anniversary of the annual dedication at the tomb of Revd Robert Sparke Hutchings, founder of Penang Free School. In 1948, Dennis Roper who was then the  Headmaster of the Free School had urged the School Trustees to approve funds for repairing Hutchings’ tomb at the Protestant Cemetery in Northam Road. The repairs were carried out by Yeang Kah Chong, an Old Boy of the School.

On the morning of Speech Day on the 21st of October 1948, a group of teachers and prefects, accompanied by Roper and the Director of Education, Harold Cheeseman, gathered to lay a wreath that bore the school colours of light blue and white at the tomb.

The short ceremony, the first of its kind since the School’s Centenary in 1916, was conducted by Archdeacon Stanley Collier from the nearby St George's Church. Roper later expressed hope that this meaningful act of remembrance should be observed annually.

18th dedication ceremony on 21 Oct 1966 (Sesqui-centenary year)

68th dedication ceremony on 21 Oct 2016 (Bicentenary year)

The great move

On this day 90 years ago, Penang Free School opened its academic year at its new premises in Green Lane on the outskirts of George Town. The planning had begun eight years earlier with the Straits Settlements Government purchasing a 30-acre piece of land in 1920. Tenders were called in 1925 for the erection of the main school buildings and the job was awarded to the construction company of JC Gammon Ltd.

It was reported then in the Pinang Gazette that: "The new Government School, when completed, should be an imposing one, not so much, perhaps, for its generous proportions, but for its setting and the immense area in which it is accommodated. Government has altogether set apart 31 acres for its new school, and of this no less than 12 acres are for a playing field. This playing field will be the biggest in the whole of Malaya and will be more than sufficient for a cricket field, two football grounds, hockey ground and tennis courts. The local Esplanade will offer no comparison and even the two combined esplanades in Singapore (the S.C.C. and S.R.C. grounds) will still be smaller than the new Free School esplanade. The school building itself, which will be a two-floor structure, that is, a ground floor and upstairs, will occupy a space of 20,000 square feet and Messrs. Gammon and Company, it is understood, have undertaken its construction at a cost of 260,000 dollars."

So it was in Dec 1927 that the Free School at its old premises in Farquhar Street, under the stewardship of their headmaster, David Swaine, began busily packing up almost everything for the eventual move to Green Lane. "Almost everything" because only the staff and boys from the upper Standards VII to IX were involved in the relocation. The transition must have taken several weeks to complete, especially to meet the deadline of a new school year on the ninth of January 1928. But succeed they did and on the ninth of January 1928, the new buildings were formally declared open by the Resident Councillor of Penang, Ralph Scott.

According to an editorial comment by Yeoh Bok Choon in the Penang Free School Magazine of August 1930: "When the building at Green Lane was nearing completion, it had to have a name and the task of choosing one fell on the School Prefects of that time. They decided that it should be called the Penang Free School", thus perpetuating the name of an institution that had began 112 years earlier. Perhaps it was a no-brainer decision but one wonders what would have become of Penang Free School if the School Prefects had decided on an entirely different name!

So what became of the old school premises in Farquhar Street? The same issue of the school magazine said that the School Prefects proposed to rename it as Hutchings' School "in honour of the prelate who had much to do with the founding of the Free School." At the request of the School Trustees, the members of The Old Frees' Association then convened a meeting to accept the proposal and thus Hutchings' School, with the classes of the lower Standards that remained, came into being on the same day, that is, 9 January 1928. It was to be a feeder school to Penang Free School. Hutchings' School's first headmaster was a familiar name, Leslie W. Arnold, who transferred over from the Northam Road Government English School.

Ironically, the Hutchings’ School was immediately to become a direct competitor of Penang Free School in several aspects of school life.

Bok Choon again: "In many areas, the two schools drifted apart and the parent soon had to compete against its branch school. In Cadet field operations, in musketry contests, in Scout Sports and in the Glugor Shield Sports the Free School found itself opposed by its branch school. Even the old Farquhar Street building was overhauled and the monograms that had for so many decades adorned the arches and front of the building were erased by vandal hands. A stranger would think that the Free School and the Hutchings School had no connection with each other."

But at least we know now that on the top of the old building in Farquhar Street, far away and out of reach from the vandals' dirty hands, the original emblems of Penang Free School lay untouched and can still be seen today. Together with three marble pieces inside the building, these are the last remaining vestiges of evidence that the Free School had once occupied this old colonial building.

School motto and arms

The Bicentenary Crest of Penang Free School

SCHOOL MOTTO: 

Fortis atque Fidelis (för’tiz ud’kway fï’deliz)

SCHOOL COLOUR: 

Sky blue

ARMORIAL BEARINGS: 

White Tower, Palm Tree, Lion

THE BLAZON OR DESCRIPTION OF THE ARMS: 

Azure, in chief a white tower between the gold numerals 18 and 16; in sinister base a gold lion rampant guardant supporting a flag; in dexter base a gold palm tree proper

MOTTO: 

Fortis atque Fidelis (Translated as: Strong and Faithful)

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE SYMBOLS USED:

WHITE TOWER: Signifies the qualities of strength and truthfulness

1816: The year that Penang Free School was founded

LION: Signifies the preservation of the traditions and high ideals of the School

PALM TREE: Signifies Penang and fertility of the mind

HERALDIC DESCRIPTION OF THE FLAG OF PENANG FREE SCHOOL:

Azure, per pale embattled; in dexter argent a lion rampant azure with numerals 18 and 16 on either side

The Free School spirit

While the Occupation of Penang by the Japanese military ended officially on 15 August 1945 with the surrender of the Japanese in the Pacific basin, Penang Free School reopened only on the fourth of October. The first post-War Speech Day passed by without the usual ceremonies associated with the occasion but for the School's 130th anniversary in October 1946, Sir Edward Gent, who was the Malayan Union's first Governor, attended together with Harold Cheeseman who was by now the Director of Education. In his speech, Cheeseman reflected on his experience during the Occupation and delivered an address which could perhaps be his most personal tribute to the Free School:

I am down, on the official programme, to speak as the Director of Education. Twenty years in Penang, 15 of them at this School, forged for me enduring links of service and of affection and during the 19 years that have passed since I was transferred from Penang these links have been strengthened rather than weakened by the passage of years. So I make no apology for addressing you today not in my official capacity but as one who belongs to the Penang Free School.

It gives me a great thrill to be enjoying a privilege. I little thought I should again enjoy, to be speaking once again to Free School boys on a Free School Speech Day. The first 21^st October I had in Penang was the 21^st October 1907 and from that day to this wherever I have been I have never failed to celebrate this anniversary. Wherever I have been. Even in Changi Prison. Old Frees did not forget the 21^st October. And year by year they celebrated it with a never-failing, indeed an ever-growing, confidence that the day would come when the School would again be in a very special sense the Free School with all its ancient rights and privileges restored.

I shall never forget the march of the internees in Singapore to their place of internment. A little group of Old Frees collected, seeking to help me with my baggage. They were fiercely repulsed by our guards. But throughout that march the little group kept appearing and re-appearing on the route, silent messengers of sympathy. And when we were in prison, Old Frees by underground channels effected contact with us and until the Double Tenth in 1943 smuggled in food, money and clothes for us.

And after the Japanese surrender, when visitors came to our internment camp, a contingent of Old Frees arrived and took part in those reunion scenes of indescribable enthusiasm. It seemed to me that every Old Free in Singapore must have come, each one bearing a gift. Some of them had a little difficulty in recognising me: they were looking for 15 stone, not seven.

What accounts for this Free School spirit that so influences and binds together those who have been in this school? It is not due to this building or this site for it existed long before these. It is not due to its large enrolment for we know that mere numbers mean little. It is not even due to its wonderful record of examination success. It is due to a variety of factors that I do not propose to attempt to enumerate. But it is fitting that we should remember today one who exercised a very powerful influence in the creation of the Free School spirit.

We know the driving force, the man who was behind that little school founded on October 21, 1816 in that insignificant building in Love Lane, abutting on the playground of the present Hutchings School. It was the Rev. R.S. Hutchings. He was a man of great educational vision. He wanted not merely an English School but a school in which boys could learn their mother tongue.

He introduced practical subjects into the curriculum and even had a trade school section. He was so far in advance of his times that his programme sounds more like a post-war programme for 1946 than a programme for 1816. Only one part of his programme was fulfilled, only one part was final and enduring – the English school, the Penang Free School.

Years ago as I pieced together from our scanty records, now unfortunately destroyed, the fascinating story of the growth and development of this school, I felt that the influence of this man was beyond measure. It was largely due to him that this school started with a background of high ideals and of a noble purpose. It was so started. It has so continued. We must be worthy of this great heritage and with a purpose born of pride and an effort born of determination seek to ensure for our School a future no less glorious than its past.

Dr Ong Chong Keng

From the Penang Free School Magazine of November 1931 (Old Series, Volume XI Number 4), there was published this speech by Dr Ong Chong Keng, the representative of The Old Frees' Association, who was speaking at the Free School's Speech Day on 21 October 1931. Ong was a medical doctor who later turned politician and sat in the Federal Legislative Council of Malaya, For his very vocal views that the Chinese would be loyal to the future Federation of Malaya, Communist elements ambushed and killed him somewhere in the Perak Road area of Penang island on 31 August 1948. Nine years later on 31 August 1957, Malaya would achieve her Independence from the British. Ong Chong Keng would have been visibly chuffed by that.

About a week ago, when I was invited to be the speaker for the Old Frees, I felt at first that I was not sufficiently distinguished to assume such an important role. But on subsequent thought, I discovered that I possess one great distinction: a distinction which took me a decade of sustained perseverance to earn, and that was, the distinction of having studied at the Penang Free School. (cheers). That distinction of being an Old Free was not the monopoly of a selected few. Our school is exactly 115 years old today. And, as each year, for 115 years, boys passing out of the school into the ranks of the Old Frees, the distinguished company of Old Frees is an exceedingly big one. Indeed, it might almost be said that the sun never set on an Old Free. (cheers). But it is the distinguished company of Old Frees, not the company of distinguished Old Frees, which is a big one. (applause). I am addressing you from that platform - not as one of the distinguished Old Frees, because I am not distinguished, at least not yet, (laughter and applause) - but as one of the distinguished company of Old Frees. 

During this time that I am privileged to inflict my speech on you, I hope to be pardoned if I should show a strong partiality for “those brave old days beyond recall”, and indulge in reminiscences of my old school days. 

I left school one day in March 1923, and as this building was not occupied until 1928, I was one of that last batch of Old Frees who had all our schooling in those old buildings which now house Hutchings School. More than eight years has elapsed since I first became an Old Free, and there is not the slightest doubt that the school has progressed in every direction during the past eight years. Perhaps the great progress was noticeable in the additional facilities now provided for study and for play. 

The school now has a beautiful meeting hall where the boys meet every morning. In the old days the tiffin shed functioned as the meeting hall on those occasions when Mr Pinhorn, the then Headmaster, wanted to address us and to warn us from committing any of the three serious crimes – (1) jeering at our rivals in the Inter-school athletic competitions for the Glugor Shield, (laughter); (2) throwing fruit skins all over the school playground during the fruit season, (loud laughter); and (3) giving vent to our artistic and other less commendable feelings by caricaturing our enemies, usually the masters, on the walls in the seclusion of the closet. (renewed laughter). 

You now have well-equipped laboratories, which you can conduct your experiments in Physics and Chemistry. Those days we had no laboratories and our practical Chemistry was chiefly, if not solely, confined to the mixing together of various coloured solutions in test tubes. Now you have new desks with unblemished tops. The old desks had holes, through which we read surreptitiously those doubtful but exciting classics which had gone, and still went, under the picturesque name of Penny Dreadfuls. 

In the field of sports too, there have been vast improvements. The playing field of today is many times the size of the old one. All the present footballers of the school wear boots, while most of old brigade prided themselves on our invulnerable feet, and played all our games bare-footed. (laughter). The cricketers today present a striking and stylish picture as they go in to bat, complete with cap, gloves, pads, and flannel trousers. Their predecessors wore the thickest sun helmets they could find to give their heads protection from the ball. (laughter) They never had any gloves on, and if they did put on pads at all, they usually put on one only, and more often than not, that one pad was put on the leg farthest removed from the bowler. (loud laughter). 

You may laugh at our backwardness and you may be amused at our primitivity. I have endeavoured to give a few glimpses of what school-life was like in my time. Recollections of pleasant incidents always give rise to a feeling of sadness, of regret that they can now be nothing more than just pleasant memories; and we treasure every little memento which reminds us of those happy days which had been, and every little souvenir which links the present to the past. 

An old boy revisiting his old school take only a superficial, if indeed any, interest in the new building, the new laboratory, and the new gymnasium put up since his day. What he wants to see are the same old building, the same old classrooms, and of course, the same old masters. When he roams round the school, his eyes would want to rove over the school walls in the effort to discover that particular patch of ink smudge for which he was responsible, and for which he received three strokes. 

He would prick up his ears to hear the same old school bell, the tones of which, could he but hear them, would at once recall to his mind that old, almost ancient servant of the school, Imam, who served the school so faithfully and so well for so many, many years. Imam had gone the way of all flesh, and though a snobbish world will not dream of erecting a memorial tablet to the memory of a mere peon, he will always lie enshrined in the heart of every Old Free as the typical example of Loyalty itself.

The heavy hand of death had also removed the most important figure that has ever appeared on the local staff of the school. The number of Old Frees who have sat at the feet of the late Mr Koay Thean Chin must be legion, and the death of one whom we have learnt to regard as a permanent fixture of the school was a great blow to us all. A schoolboy, whilst still attending school, regards his master as a mixed assortment of tyrants and freaks. (laughter). But no sooner had he left school, than the soft haze of retrospect puts a halo round the head of every teacher who taught him.

Mr RH Pinhorn was a terror to us all. Every approaching thump of his foot on the school stairs- it was a characteristic thump to those who heard it – put the fear of death into our juvenile hearts. (laughter). We now know that Mr Pinhorn was a perfect gentleman in every sense of the word. Mr Heng Kok has given you a full account of his services to the school, and I shall not weary you by repeating this year what you heard last year. (applause). 

Mr Hamilton looked so ferocious to us that we christened him the Old Tiger. Whenever we heard hisorder ‘Stand on your hind legs,” we knew that we were in for a grueling mathematical catechism, which was frequently enlivened by resounding slaps on the cheek. Now we marvel at the forbearance and patience which Mr Hamilton showed us, and we likened his slaps unto the kisses of the saint on the cheek of the leper. (applause). 

Mr Eckersall was another forbidding schoolday figure, and his sharp tongue used to lash us like a whip. He taught us mathematics, but I learnt a good many expressive English words from him. For example, I never knew what a “lout” was, until I came under him. He used few words, but he chose them well. (loud laughter). When he wanted to put one of us up on the bench, he merely barked out the one word “mount.” Now, whenever we think of Mr Eckersall, our hearts well over with thankfulness for all the kindness that we have received at his hands. (applause). 

Mr Swaine taught us History and Latin. As a medical man, I have not come across a more potent soporific than Latin, (laughter) and even as a school boy, I was grateful to Mr Swaine for permitting me to slumber peacefully in his class (laughter). What Latin I knew (I know none now) was learnt by my subconscious self. His long association with the Free School was rudely interrupted, we hope not actually terminated, a few years ago. We regard Mr Swaine as the property of the Free School, and we shall deem it a gracious favour if the authorities will return him to us one day, as our Headmaster. (applause). 

Mr Arnold taught us French and Geography. He was always very polite, and his unruffled smoothness was sometimes the exasperation of us all. I was not noted for my punctuality, and one morning I arrived late at Mr Arnold’s French class. He greeted me with these words, uttered with a smiling face and with all the suavity conceivable, “I was afraid that I would not have the pleasure of seeing you this morning. And, if you persist in keeping me in this suspense every morning, I regret that I shall be forced to deny myself the pleasure of ever seeing you again in my class.” (loud laughter). Needless to say, if I ever failed to come early again, it was not for want of trying. Mr Arnold now stands high in the educational world of Malaya, and for every success gained, he has the heartiest congratulations of the Old Frees. (applause). 

What English I know now, I owe to a lean, young Englishman whom we called “Orang Keju.” (cheers). He left us about 10 years ago, but Cheeseman House perpetuates the memory of a name which is synonymous with the progress of the school during the first 20 years of the twentieth century (applause). 

Mr Hamid Khan was another of the old masters who had been taken away from the Free School. His name was always coupled with that of the late M. Koay Thean Chin for honorable mention by Mr Pinhorn at every prize-giving day. He is still going strong, and apart from a slight whitening of his moustaches, he looks today exactly the same as he did 20 years ago. On behalf of all his old pupils, I wish him “panjang umoh.” (applause). 

Two native masters who have taught me, still remain on the present staff of the school. They are Mr Koay Kye Teong and Mr Ng Cheong Weng. It is a source of great gratification to us that they are both drawing super-scale emoluments. These two masters together with a few other native masters of the school provide the only link which connects this Free School of Green Lane with the old Free School of Farquhar Street. 

An old boy who had spent all his school career at Farquhar Street will look in vain for a familiar face in the entire European staff of the present school. “All, all are gone, the old familiar faces.” Father Time has removed a few of them. We cannot help that. The Educational Gods have transferred the rest to other places. 

We are always proud of our tradition. We flatter ourselves that a boy in going through the Free School acquires certain individuality, a certain outlook on life, a certain bearing and behaviour, which is characteristic of the Free School. We believe that every boy who passes through the Free School mill must be impressed with the Free School stamps. But, if the European staff of the school is always changing, if it undergoes a complete metamorphosis every five years, if it is composed of masters whose longest connection with the school is a paltry period of four to five years, when they have boys under them who have been in school for a longer length of time, where is that continuity without which tradition is as empty as a shadow. It is a pity that we could not transplant the old school buildings from Farquhar Street to Green Lane but surely, the authorities can, if they only want to, allow us to retain a fairly constant staff. An absolutely constant European staff, I am aware, is an impossibility due to the exigencies of leave and promotion. 

Our past history of 115 years outshines that of any other school in Malaya and equals that of any other school in the East. We have a unique foundation of tradition and the educational authorities will be failing in their duty if instead of building on it, they destroy it. We studied at the Penang Free School as our fathers and our fathers’ fathers did before us; and this great Free School tradition is as real and means as much to us as the Oxford or Cambridge tradition to Oxford or Cambridge graduates. We consider it nothing short of sacrilegious that this school should bear the venerable, almost sacred, name of Penang Free School, when no attention is paid to its glorious past and no attempt is made to foster its individuality. 

You, boys, are the heirs of this great tradition. You have inherited a ready-made past, more wonderful than any you can have made to order. The responsibility of fashioning the present and to a less extent, the future, lies in your hands. I am confident that you will make a good job of it. In concluding I want to ask every one of you to be proud that you are a Free School boy. “I am a Roman, a citizen of no mean city,” was a proud Roman boast. May everyone of you glow with equal pride when you say “I am a Free School boy, a member of no mean school.” (loud and prolonged applause).

The Straits Echo, Tuesday, 10 January 1928

Opening of New Free School

An Historic Ceremony

The new Free School buildings in Green Lane, which have been in the course of construction during the past three or four years, were officially declared open yesterday by the Hon. the Resident Councillor, Penang, in the presence of the Director of Education, S.S. and F.M.S. (the Hon. Mr. R.O. Winstedt, C.M.G., D.Litt.), members of the Legislative council, heads of Government Departments and the leading residents of Penang of all nationalities. It was indeed an epoch making event.

Besides the Hon. Mr. Scott, and the Hon. Mr. R.O. Winstedt there were Mrs. P.J. Sproule, the Hon. Mr. Palgrave Simpson and Mrs. Simpson, the Hon. Mr. Quah Beng Kee, O.B.E., the Hon. Mr. and Mrs. P.M. Robinson, the Hon. Mr. P.K. Nambyar, Mr. G.L. Hain, Mr. and Mrs. F.T. Kinder and Miss Kinder, Mr. and Mrs. J.D. Fettes, Mr. and Mrs. N.A.M. Griffin, Mrs. H. Welham, Mr. Khoo Sian Ewe, the Rev. Keppel Garnier, Mr. Watson (Chief Inspector of Schools), Mr. M.H.M. Noordin, Dr. A.O. Merican, Dr. J. Emile Smith, Mr. Yeoh Cheang Aun, Mr. Lim Boon Haw, Mr. and Mrs. H.H. Abdul Cader, Mr. and Mrs. R.L. Buckwell, Mr. T. Rogers, Mr. C.R. Samuel, Mr. N.A. Sedwick, Mr. C.W.A. Sennett, Mr. and Mrs. J.H. Pedlow, the Siamese Consul and Mrs. Varavadi, Mr. H.C. Bathrust and numerous others.

Formal Opening

By the time the Hon. Mr. Scott arrived the long verandah of the school was packed. Boys of the school lined up two sides of the portico. Mr. Scott was received by Mr. D.R. Swaine, Acting Headmaster, and then went to inspect the Guard-of-Honour of School Cadets, under the command of Capt. A.W. Frisby, and the Boys Scouts, under Mr P.G. Boyd.

Mr. Scott then returned to the portico and received a key from the hands of the Deputy Colonial Engineer, Mr. F.T. Kinder, with which he formally opened the building.

Assembled in the main hall, with the principal officials and guests on the stage, proceedings commenced with the playing of the National Anthem.

Mr. Swaine, Acting Headmaster, then spoke as follows; Sir, -- On the programme I appear responsible for giving a short history of the school. I have thought it preferable to have my notes together with some notes written by Mr. Pinhorn in 1916 printed and distributed. I shall not therefore delay these proceedings by reading this account. I need hardly say that I regard it as a very great honour to be acting as Headmaster of the school at the commencement of this new era in its history and I trust that the gates which were closed on a glorious part have this day been opened to a more brilliant future.

Messages Of Congratulation

Messages of congratulation have been received from H.E. Major-General C. Van Straubenzee, the Hon. the Colonial Secretary, the Hon. the Resident Councillor, the Hon. Mr. E.C.H. Wolffe, the Hon. the Director of Education, Mr. G. Hall, Mr. A. Voules, Dr. Wu Lien Teh, the Hon. Mr. Quah Beng Kee, Mr. W. Hargreaves, Mr. R.H. Pinhorn, Mr. W. Hamilton and Mr. F. Sands.

The following had sent telegrams of congratulation: Dr. Wu Lien Teh, (Calcutta), Hon. Mr. Peel (Woking), Mr. Honnell (Vice-chancellor, Hong Kong University), (Hong Kong), Mr. Hamilton, (Brighton), Dr. Mustapha b. Osman, (Hong Kong), Mr. M.A. Noordin, (Kelantan), Mr. Lim Paik Hong (Trengganu), Old Frees, Kedah, (Alor Star), Mr. Zainul Abidin (on behalf Old Frees), (Sungai Patani), Mr. Ooi Chye Hock, (Johore), Capt. N.M. Hashim, (Parit Buntar), Mr Lim Eu Goh, (Bangkok), Mr. Goh Sam Eong, (Bentong, Pahang), Dr. Saw Ah Choy, (Taiping), Mr. Foo Wha Cheng, (Ipoh), Mr. Yeoh Cheow Beng, (Singapore), Mr. Saw Ghee Hong, (Kuala Lumpur), Mr. Leong Hoe Yeng, (Kuala Lumpur), Mr. Davies, Victoria Institution, (Kuala Lumpur), Che Ismail b. Haji Puteh, (Kulim), Mr. Lim Chong Hum, (Tveradja, Java), Mr. Ooi Hun Teong, (Kapitan China), (Medan).

“To the distinguished gentlemen who have sent us these messages of congratulation, to the loyal old boys who have sent telegrams, to all well-wishers and helpers of the school and to those who are gracing this opening with their presence, on behalf of the school I express my sincerest and warmest thanks.” (Applause).

Dr. Winstedt’s Speech

The Hon. Mr. R.C. Winstedt, Director of Education, S.S. and F.M.S. next addressed the gathering as follows: It gives me great pleasure to be here to-day the see the Resident Councillor open the old Free School in these new buildings. Penang sometimes thinks it is ill-treated by Government, sometimes envies its younger bustling sister, Singapore. But it need not feel the inferiority complex today. This building is the finest school building in Malaya, and I should like to congratulate the architect on his design. There is one other matter on which I should like publicly to convey my congratulations. I should like to congratulate the architect on his design. There is one other matter on which I should like publicly to convey my congratulations. I should like to congratulate Mr. Swaine and his staff on winning both the 1927 Queen’s Scholarships for the Free School. Some years ago when at last the Free School was taken over by Government, pessimists foretold an end of its brilliant career, they talked of frequent transfers of staff, of red tape and all the other claptrap pessimists love. Well, Mr. Cheeseman was on the staff for years, gave of his best to the school, and had its interests very near his heart, and Mr. Cheeseman tells me that in his opinion the school has never had so good a staff as it has to-day. Certainly it has never had a better building or larger funds. And I the wicked soldier at the centre of the Education Department’s tangle of red tape have had no complaints that the Free School is more restricted in its activities now than it was under the old Committee.

I have said that Penang folk need not suffer from the inferiority complex over this school. Nor need they feel it over the general standard of education in the settlement. It is apparently higher here than anywhere else in Malaya. The reasons for this are debatable. My friends the Christian Brothers who have schools throughout the Peninsula declare that Penang boys win the Queen’s Scholarships because unlike the urchins of that immoral cesspool, Singapore, they keep themselves unspotted from the cinema and other such amusements. I have even heard it said that there was one home-keeping Queen’s Scholar who had to be shown the way to Weld’s Quay! I doubt that story but on the whole I fancy that the people of Penang lead quieter and staider lives than the people of the larger port and bring up their children to go willingly to school. We must not forget however that the Free School have had a succession of able headmasters like Mr. Hargreaves and Mr. Pinhorn to frame a continuous policy and a succession of zealous form masters like Mr. Hamilton and Mr. Eckersall to train its pupils.

The Three Main Problems

Mr. Swaine had related the history of this school. An administrator’s chief concern with history is to tear from its pages lessons for the present and the future. We have three main educational problems in Malaya, one moral and intellectual, one practical. We give probably the best English education in Asia. Colonel Needham, who reported for the Medical Council of Great Britain, thinks so. But ideally we ought to teach children in their own language till the age of 12 or 13, letting them learn English as a foreign language up to that age. However, if we tried to do that, I am assured by headmasters that their pupils’ knowledge of English would suffer incalculably. Nor is it practicable for us to teach all the vernaculars of China, India, Ceylon and Japan: It would not be possible to get enough trained teachers and without trained teachers children’s minds would be dulled and retarded.

The second great problem of education in Malaya is the provision of technical education. A start is being made in this direction. Malaya will soon, I hope, have a technical college and an agricultural college, both of them near the capital of the Colony’s wealthy younger sister, the Federated Malay States, but both open to Straits boys who have passed the Senior Cambridge. Singapore is to have a trade school for boys who have studied only the vernacular or left an English school without reaching the secondary forms. I trust that the next considerable educational work provided for Penang also will be a Trade School. I am glad to think that sports and changed circumstances have modified the supercilious attitude of the East to manual labour.

Higher Education

The third main local problem is higher education, and on this may I present myself to you as a beggar, perhaps so far as Penang is concerned I have been rather an ‘absent-minded beggar’ not as persistent or clamant as I might have been. Raffles College is nearing completion. It is a noble building on a noble site. The College syllabus should be published in March or April. The College will open in June. We want more money. We want double the endowment we have to-day if it is ever to have a staff of Professors and Readers and Lecturers worthy of a University. Especially, therefore, we want money to establish professorships. It costs about $300,000 to endow one professorship in perpetuity but I shall be very happy to take it by instalments. Our next want is more scholarships. It will cost roughly $1,000 a year to maintain a boy or girl at the College. That means a capital sum of only $20,000 or thereabouts. There must be many sitting here before me who have had their sons and daughters educated in the Government schools of this country for a mere trifle compared with what parents of their means would have to pay in England.

Appeal For Funds

There must be many parents sitting here before me who could sign a cheque for $20,000 without any self sacrifice. If they cannot afford so much, $2,000 will defray the initial cost of the library of English literature, $2,000 for the cost of a History section, $2,000 for the cost of a Science section, $2,000 for the cost of a Mathematics section. And each of those sections of the College library will be named after the donor who pays $2,000 for it. I appeal to-day to the people of Penang, who have shown as much appreciation of education as any people in Malaya. I ask them not to let Raffles College, the centre of Malaya’s highest education, languish for lack of funds. I ask them to form a Committee again as they did before to collect fresh funds for the College to which their sons and daughters will go after leaving schools like the school we open to-day. They will be serving the interests of their children and of those that come after them. They will be enabling the citizens of this settlement to compete with the world of the future in the battle of life. (Applause).

The Resident Councillor

The Hon. Mr. Ralph Scott, who spoke next, at the outset said he wished to endorse what Mr. Winstedt had said with regard to the generosity of Penang towards the Raffles Institution. He did it with the full assurance that Penang would benefit more than any other place by that generosity. Mr. Scott next referred to a few points of the school’s past history, and said he had no doubt that the change to Green Lane would prove equally successful. The site selected might be thought out of the way but just as the school in Farquhar Street, he felt certain that the new school would be surrounded with buildings in time to come. Fine buildings did not make a school: other factors were the staff and boys. Mr. Scott paid a high tribute to the present efficient staff and said he hoped the boys will carry on the high tradition of that school.

Dr. K.L. Teng

Dr. Koh Lip Teng, Queen’s Scholar, 1894, said it was an honour to speak on an occasion like that. The Penang Free School was the oldest educational Institution in British Malaya. One hundred and eleven years ago it was founded and, like all great things, began in a humble way. From the time of Mr. Hutchings, to the time Mr. Hargreaves took over, was a period of steady growth and development for the school; from the time of Mr. Hargreaves to the present date was a period of great prosperity to the school, a period characterised by records of great successes unparalleled in the history of education in British Malaya.

In conclusion Dr. Teng read out the following gifts made to the school in celebration of the opening that day:

1. Capital sums to endow Scholarships:- $3,000 from the Trustees of the Cheah Chim Yean Estate; $2,000 from the Estate of Choong Cheng Kean per Messrs. Choong Lye Hock & Choong Lye Hin; $1,200 from Lim Liew Saik Neoh (Mrs. Choong Lye Hock).
2. From Mr. Khoo Sian Ewe a capital sum of $1,300 to be used as follows:- (a) $1,000 for books for the School Library; (b) $300 to endow a School Prize for Chinese.
3. From the Kedah Old Frees per Mr. M.I. Merican, Mr. Sheriff, Che Kassim and Tuan Syed Omar, a capital sum of $400 to endow a “Kedah Old Frees Malay Prize”.
4. A capital sum of $200 to endow prizes from each of the following: (1) Old Frees’ Association, 1^st school prize; (2) Dr. Ong Huck Chye, Form Prize to be known as the Ong Hun Siew Prize; (3) Mr. Ong Huck Eng, Form Prize to be known as the Khoo Kwee Kee Neoh Prize; (4) Subscribers to the Hamilton Fund, Prize to be known as the Hamilton Mathematics Prize; (5) Trustees of the Estate of Tye Kee Yuen, English Essay Prize; (6) Old Frees of Young Muslim Union per Mr. Hamid Khan, Prize to be known as the Y.M.U. Mathematics Prize; (7) Local Masters who have served under Mr. Pinhorn (per Mr. Koay Thean Chin), Prize to be known as the Pinhorn Eng. Literature Prize; (8) Dr. Lim Guan Cheng, School Latin Prize; (9) Old Frees of Penang Malay Association (per Dr. A.O. Merican), Prize to be known as the Penang Malay Association Science Prize; (10) Mr. H.H. Abdoolcader, School Geography Prize; (11) Mr. Lim Keong Lay, School Science Prize; (12) Mr. Khoo Heng Kok, School History Prize; (13) Dr. C.Y. Wu, School Hygiene Prize; (14) Mr. Khoo Sian Tan, Form Prize.

Other gifts: (1) Mr. Koh Leok Hup, Challenge Cup for yearly competition between School and the Old Boys; (2) Mr. M.H.M. Noordin, Badminton Challenge Cup; (3) Mr. Lim Kean Leong, Furniture including marble-topped tables for School Tuck Shop; (4) Teh Sey Leong, Honours Boards for School Hall; (5) Boon Pharmacy (per Mr. Chew Boon Ee), Medicine Cabinet.

Vote Of Thanks

Mr. Cheeseman proposed a vote of thanks, thanking in the first place the generous donors whose gifts had just been announced. The Old Boys Association, and Dr. Ong Huck Chye, in particular, was to be congratulated in arranging for that admirable commemoration of the Opening. In connection with those buildings Mr. Cheeseman mentioned the following who had assisted in one way or another: Dr. Winstedt, Mr. Wolff, Mr. Ralph Scott, members of the Legislative Council, Gammon & Co., Mr. Kinder, Mr. D. Ward, Mr. Ogle and Mr. Watson, Chief Inspector of Schools. The driving force behind this great undertaking however had been Mr. R.H. Pinhorn to whose foresightedness, determination, and personality, the Free School during the past 20 years had maintained its high position. The school had been reaping the harvest of Mr. Pinhorn’s efforts.

In conclusion Mr. Cheeseman said: “Boys of the Penang Free School! My last words on this memorable occasion I address to you. You have entered upon a goodly heritage. You belong to a school rich in traditions, inspiring in record, wonderful in possibilities. See to it that you prove true to your high trust.”

Proceedings terminated with three cheers for the Resident Councillor after which a tour of the buildings was made.